طراحی سامانه اطلاعات مکانی مبتنی بر وب (Web-Based GIS) ویژه مدیریت اطلاعات شهری(نمونه موردی :شهر بانه)

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد گروه مهندسی شهرسازی، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران

2 کارشناسی ارشد برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران

چکیده

بحث مدیریت شهری کشور در چند دهه گذشته از ابعاد مختلف سیاسی، اجتماعی، زیرساختی، اداری، قانونی و غیره  آسیب‌شناسی شده و مدیریت یکپارچه به‌عنوان پاسخی به مشکلات فعلی همواره مطرح بوده است. اما نقش اطلاعات و زیرساخت‌های آن در این چرخه زیاد موردتوجه قرار نگرفته است. ازاین‌رو هدف این پژوهش بر شناسایی ضعف‌های سازوکارهای اطلاعاتی مجموعه مدیریت شهری بانه و ارائه راهکارهای اجرایی برای رفع آن‌ها با استفاده از قابلیت‌های سامانه اطلاعات مکانی مبتنی بر وب (Web-Based GIS) است. جامعه آماری پژوهش حاضر تمام مدیران و پرسنل متخصص شهرداری بانه هستند  که 10 نفر از مدیران و پرسنل به‌صورت تصادفی انتخاب و اطلاعات لازم با استفاده از مصاحبه‌های تخصصی جمع‌آوری‌شده و از روش کدگذاری (باز، محوری و گزینشی) در نرم‌افزار Nvivo11 تحلیل‌شده، که نتایج کلی آن ضعف در دسترسی و طبقه‌بندی اطلاعات تمام بخش‌ها، درنتیجه عدم زیرساخت‌های مناسب برای طبقه‌بندی داده‌ها را نشان می‌دهد درنهایت پس از اولویت‌بندی مشکلات بخش‌های مختلف با کمک پرسنل و مدیران جهت حل مشکلات ذکرشده به طراحی یک سامانه جامع اطلاعاتی ویژه مدیریت عوارض ساختمانی شهرداری بر بستر وب پرداختیم. در این راستا بخش Frontend سامانه را با HTML5 و CSS3 و Bootstrap5 طراحی و بخش Backend را با زبان برنامه‌نویسی JavaScript و Python در فریم ورک Django و با استفاده از پایگاه داده متن‌باز PostgreSQL11 توسعه دادیم. نتایج پیاده‌سازی این ساختار نشان می‌دهد علاوه بر توجیه‌پذیر بودن اقتصادی آن به بهبود سازوکارهای مختلف این حوزه شامل اخذ و مدیریت داده‌های مکانی، طبقه‌بندی داده‌ها، به‌روزرسانی آنی با رابط کاربری ساده، امکان گزارش‌گیری لحظه‌ای از وضعیت پرداختی‌ها، مشاهده تراکنش‌های نقدی و غیرنقدی، کنترل کارکنان شهرداری و ثبت خودکار فعالیت‌های آن‌ها، دسترسی به تمام داده‌ها بدون محدودیت زمانی و مکانی با امکان تعیین سطح دسترسی به آن‌ها و مشاهده آنی تغییرات در بازه زمانی دلخواه منجر شده است. همچنین یک سیستم جست‌وجوی پیشرفته بر روی پایگاه داده با 43 فیلد اطلاعاتی پیاده‌سازی شده که امکان هر نوع اعمال فیلتری را روی اطلاعات فراهم کرده است. درنهایت با پیاده‌سازی سامانه مدیریت اطلاعات عوارض ساختمانی  مسیر توسعه سامانه‌های مکمل شهرسازی، پسماند، بافت فرسوده و غیره را هموار و روشن کرده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Designing a Web-based GIS for Urban Information Management (Case Study: Baneh City)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Kyoumars Irandoost 1
  • Kyoumars Habibi 1
  • Seyed Mohammad Ghanezadeh 2
1 Professor of Urban Planning, Faculty of Art & Architecture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
2 Master of Urban Planning, Faculty of Art and Architecture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

In the last few decades, the issue of urban management in the country has been analyzed from various political, social, infrastructural, administrative, legal, etc. dimensions, and integrated management has always been proposed as an answer to current problems. However, the role of information and its infrastructure in this cycle has not been considered much. Therefore, this research aims to identify the weaknesses of the information mechanisms of the urban management complex of Baneh, while providing practical solutions to solve them by using the capabilities of the web-based spatial information system. The statistical population of the current research was all managers and specialist personnel of Baneh Municipality, from whom 10 managers and personnel were randomly selected. The necessary information was collected using specialized interviews and analyzed by the coding method (open, central, and selective) in Nvivo11 software, the general results of which were the weakness in accessing and classifying the information of all departments, as a result of the lack of it shows the appropriate infrastructure for data classification. Finally, after prioritizing the problems of different departments, with the help of personnel and managers, a comprehensive information system for the management of municipal construction charges was designed on the web platform to solve the mentioned problems. In this regard, we designed the frontend part of the system with HTML5, CSS3, and Bootstrap5, and developed the backend part with JavaScript and Python programming language in the Django framework and using the open-source database PostgreSQL11. The results of the implementation of this structure show that in addition to being justifiable, the economy is to improve various mechanisms in this field, including acquisition and management of spatial data, data classification, instant updates with a simple user interface, the possibility of instant reporting of the status of payments, observation of cash and other cash transactions, control of municipal employees and automatic recording of their activities, access to all the data available without the time and place restrictions with the possibility of determining the level of access to them, and instantly view the changes in the desired time interval. Also, an advanced search system has been implemented on the database with 43 information fields, which allows applying any type of filter on the information. Finally, the implementation of the information management system of construction charges has paved the way for the development of complementary systems for urban planning, waste, worn-out fabric, etc.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Web-Based GIS
  • Urban Management
  • Construction Fees
  • Spatial Database
  • Baneh city
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