Evaluation of Urban Expansion and its Effect on the Formation of Urban Poverty (A case Study of Urmia city)

Document Type : Independent Research Articles

Authors

1 Assistant Professor of Geography and Urban Planning, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Humanities Research and Development (SAMT), Tehran, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Research and Development of Human Sciences (SAMT), Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Many studies have been conducted on urban poverty and its spatial analysis, but the expansion of the city and its effect on the creation of urban poverty clusters has not been given much attention. This research aims to evaluate the effect of the expansion of Urmia city on the formation of poverty clusters. In this regard, the situation of urban poverty in different periods of urban development during the last hundred years was analyzed. Various methods were combined to examine the effect of urban expansion on urban poverty and to provide spatial information needed for better decision-making. In the first step, 21 indicators covering the economic, social, and physical dimensions of urban poverty were selected. Then, a proposed method was used to evaluate urban poverty in study units (population blocks). In the last step, the expansion of the city from 1932 to 2022 was extracted in eight development periods and the urban poverty situation was evaluated in each period. The results show that with the expansion of the city, the relative size of poor urban areas has increased. The size of areas with physical poverty in Urmia city increased by 21% from 2004 to 2022, social poverty increased by 10% from 1994 to 1987, and economic poverty increased by 6% from 1987 to 1975. Additionally, the relative extent of poor urban areas has increased by 29% from 2004 to 2022. The results of linear regression also show that there is a direct relationship between urban expansion and the formation of urban poverty clusters. In general, urban expansion explains 37% of the formation of poor urban areas.

Keywords


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