A Framework for application of SWOT Technique in Spatial Planning Based on Strategic Thinking

SWOT strategic analysis technique has had a vast use in spatial planning. However, there has not been enough consideration to the necessity of its adaptation with the complexities of spatial planning , including dealing with a network of decision makers organization in public sector - instead of just one organization in private sector - the complicated relationships among them and enormous stake-holders with different interests - versus limited stakeholders with one common objective in private sector. This article aims to redefine this technique and its uses in spatial planning through explaining its two theoretical and practical aspects.
Firstly, it would be explained the theoretical origins of SWOT technique in spatial planning. This would be aimed through introducing strategic thinking and strategic approach in planning, its characteristics and its contribution to spatial planning. In other words, the relationships between these characteristics with the abilities of SWOT would be illustrated.
Later, practically the complexity and difficulties of using this technique in spatial planning -versus corporate planning - would be discussed in order to design a framework to clarify these ambiguities and redefine a framework to apply practice this technique..
To sum up, this article would be examined the designed framework in Tehran activities and vocation planning. This objective would be done through a four steps process, as follows: (a) introducing the system boundaries and its environment; (b) identifying the controllable internal factors in system and the outputs in two categories named strengths and weaknesses; (c) identifying the external factors including opportunities and threats in the environment of uncontrollable uncertainties and constraints; and (d) preparing alternative strategies including synergic strategies, consistency strategies, contingency strategies and conservative strategies.