تحلیل تأثیر تغییر کاربری باغات و کشاورزی بر دما در مناطق شهر ارومیه

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشکده برنامه ریزی و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

2 استادیار گروه شهرسازی، دانشکده معماری، شهرسازی و هنر، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

چکیده

باغات واقع در محدوده شهرها را شاید بتوان مهم‌ترین عنصر زیست‌محیطی دانست که از برهمکنش مؤلفه‌های طبیعی و هویتی تشکیل شده و خود بازنمود مؤلفه‌های انسانی را بر ‌عهده دارند. هدف این تحقیق تحلیل تغییر کاربری باغات و کشاورزی در مناطق شهر ارومیه بوده است. نوع تحقیق حاضر کاربردی بوده بدین جهت که می‌تواند تصمیم‌گیران شهری را از آثار تخریب با‌غ‌ها آگاه ساخته تا به‌عنوان ارزش‌های زیست‌محیطی و هویتی حفاظت گردند. روش انجام کار توصیفی- تحلیلی بوده و گردآوری اطلاعات نیز از طریق مطالعات کتابخانه‌ای، میدانی و طرح‌های توسعه شهری صورت گرفته است. برای نیل به هدف تحقیق، ابتدا محدوده باغات شهر ارومیه برای دو دوره 1385 و 1398 استخراج گردیده و دمای سطح زمین با استفاده از تصاویر ماهواره لندست 5 و 8 استخراج شده و در نرم‌افزار 5.3Envi  تحلیل گردیده است. سپس با استفاده از دو معیار میانگین مساحت کاربری باغات و دمای سطح زمین در دو دوره، نسبت به ارزیابی مناطق شهری مبتنی‌بر روش SECA اقدام شده است. نتایج بیانگر آن بوده که بیش‌ترین میزان تخریب باغات در منطقه 4 و بیش‌ترین میانگین دما در دو دوره به منطقه سه (به دلیل ارتفاع زیاد از سطح دریا) مربوط بوده است. از بررسی داده های دمایی، ارتفاع از سطح دریا و کاربری باغات و کشاورزی در سال 1385 می توان نتیجه گرفت بین میانگین دما و ارتفاع از سطح دریا رابطه مستقیمی وجود داشته، در سال 1398 می توان چنین بیان نمود که میان مساحت کاربری باغات و کشاورزی با میانگین دما رابطه معکوس وجود داشته و در مقطع زمانی 1385 و 1398 چنین نتیجه گرفته شده که لزوماً ارتباط مستقیمی بین تغییر کاربری و دما وجود ندارد و می‌تواند بسته به نوع و تعداد شاخص ها نتایج متفاوتی داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of the Effect of Changing the Land Use of Gardens and Agriculture on Temperature in the Regions of Urmia City

نویسندگان [English]

  • Reza Karimi 1
  • Ghader Ahmadi 2
1 Ph.D. Student of Geography and Urban Planning, Faculty of Planning and Environmental Sciences, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran
2 Assistant Professor of Urban Planning Department, Faculty of Architecture, Urban Planning and Art, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
چکیده [English]

The gardens located within the city limits can be considered the most important environmental elements, which consist of the interaction of natural and identity components and are responsible for representing human components. This research aimed to analyze the change in the use of gardens and agriculture in the Urmia city areas. The current research is of a practical type and follows the descriptive-analytical method. Information was collected through the library, field studies, and urban development plans. To achieve the purpose of the research, first, the area of gardens of Urmia city was extracted for two periods, 2006 and 2019, and the surface temperature was extracted using Landsat 5 and 8 satellite images and analyzed in Envi 5.3 software. Then, using the two criteria of the average area of gardens and the ground surface temperature in two periods, the evaluation of urban areas based on the SECA method was done. The results showed that the highest destruction of orchards was in region four, and the highest average temperature in two periods was related to region three. From the examination of temperature data, height above sea level, and the use of gardens and agriculture in 2006, it can be concluded that there is a direct relationship between the average temperature and height above sea level; in 2019, it can be stated that there is an inverse relationship with the average temperature between the area of use of gardens and agriculture. It was concluded that in 2006 and 2019, there was not necessarily a direct relationship between the change of use and temperature, and it can have different results depending on the type and number of indicators.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Land Use
  • Climate
  • LST
  • SECA
  • Landsat
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