واکاوی ساختارها و سازوکارهای اثرگذار بر فرایندهای غیررسمی‏ موجد پراکنده‌رویی در منطقه کلان‌شهری تهران ‏

نوع مقاله : مقاله استخراج از رساله و پایان نامه

نویسندگان

1 دکتری شهرسازی، گروه شهرسازی، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران،ایران‌‌

2 استاد گروه شهرسازی، گروه شهرسازی، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران،ایران‌‌

3 دانشیار گروه شهرسازی، گروه شهرسازی، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران،ایران‌‌

چکیده

رشد و گسترش مناطق کلان‌شهری به‌عنوان یک پدیده جهانی در حال تبدیل به فرم غالب شهرنشینی به‌ویژه در کشورهای درحال‌توسعه است. علیرغم اهمیت فزاینده این فرم رشد شهری، مطالعه چندانی در خصوص پویایی‌های چندبعدی عوامل و ‏سازوکارهای محرک پراکنده‌رویی شهری-منطقه‌ای مشاهده نمی‌شود. در پژوهش حاضر، ساختارها و سازوکارهای اثرگذار بر ‏فرایندهای غیررسمی موجد رشد و گسترش فضایی فزاینده منطقه کلان‌شهری تهران مورد واکاوی قرار گرفته است. این پژوهش، ‏کیفی بوده و برای گردآوری اطلاعات از مصاحبه‌های نیمه ساختاریافته عمیق استفاده شده است. تجزیه‌وتحلیل اطلاعات ‏براساس رویکرد نظریه‌پردازی داده‌بنیاد ساخت‌گرا صورت گرفته است. مشارکت‌کنندگان پژوهش شامل فن‌سالاران علمی و ‏دولتی ( اعم از استادان دانشگاه، مدیران شهری و کارشناسان شهرداری، استانداری، اداره راه و شهرسازی، سازمان ملی زمین و ‏مسکن، جهاد کشاورزی، منابع طبیعی و ... ) بوده و روش نمونه‌گیری آن به‌صورت غیرتصادفی هدفمند و بر مبنای روش نمونه ‌گیری گلوله‌برفی است. مطابق نتایج، در کدگذاری اولیه 289 عبارت کلیدی، در کدگذاری متمرکز 130مفهوم، در کدگذاری ‏محوری 64 مقوله فرعی و نهایتاً درکدگذاری نظری ‌34 مقوله اصلی گسترده شناسایی شد. در مجموع، با توجه خروجی کدگذاری ‏نظری، تمامی مقولات اصلی گسترده در قالب 7 مقوله اصلی کلان یکپارچه و الگوی نظری پژوهش را شکل دادند. با توجه به ‏تحلیل داده‌ها، 4 ساختار اقتصادی و اقتصاد سیاسی ، ساختارها و دلایل بنیادین، ساختارهای قانونی و ساختارهای قضایی-حقوقی ‏در سطح کلان و ساختارهای سازمانی-نهادی، بخش خصوصی و اجتماعی در سطح میانی بر فرایندهای غیررسمی زمینه‌ساز تصرف ‏زمین و رشد و گسترش فضایی منطقه کلان‌شهری تهران اثرگذارند

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Analyzing the Structures and Mechanisms Affecting the Informal Processes‏ ‏Causing Sprawl in the Tehran Metropolitan Region

نویسندگان [English]

  • Gelareh Shahhosseini 1
  • Mojtaba Rafieian 2
  • Hashem Dadashpoor 3
1 Ph.D. Department of Urban Planning and Design, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Urban Planning and Design, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Urban Planning and Design, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

The growth and expansion of metropolitan areas as a global phenomenon is becoming the dominant form of urbanization, especially in developing countries. Despite the increasing importance of this form of urban growth, not many studies have been carried out regarding the multidimensional dynamics of the factors and mechanisms that stimulate urban-regional sprawl. In the current research, the structures and mechanisms affecting the informal processes that generate spatial expansion of the Tehran metropolitan region have been analyzed. This research is qualitative and in-depth semi-structured interviews were used to collect information. The data analysis was based on the constructivist Grounded Theory approach. Research participants included university professors, city managers, and experts from the municipalities, governorships, road and urban development departments, National Land and Housing Organization, Agriculture-Jahad, Natural Resources departments, etc. The sampling method was targeted non-random and based on snowball sampling. According to the results, 289 key phrases were identified in the initial coding, 130 concepts were identified in the centralized coding, 64 subcategories were identified in the axial coding, and finally, 34 broad main categories were identified in the theoretical coding. In total, according to the output of theoretical coding, all broad main categories in the form of 7 integrated main categories formed the theoretical model of the research. According to data analysis, economic and political economy structures, fundamental structures, legal structures, and judicial structures at the macro level and organizational-institutional structures and private and social sectors at the middle level affect the informal processes underlying land acquisition and the spatial expansion of the Tehran metropolitan region.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Informal Processes
  • Sprawl
  • Tehran Metropolitan Region‎
  • Land Use
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