ارزیابی تاب آوری کالبدی بافت شهری با رویکرد مدیریت بحران به کمک نرم افزار GIS (نمونه موردی: هادی شهر بابلسر)

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه معماری، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه معماری، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران

3 دانشجوی کارشناسی، گروه شهرسازی، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران

چکیده

بحران ها و حوادث طبیعی پیش بینی نشده ای در سرتاسر جهان در حال رخ دادن هستند که زندگی مردمان بسیاری را نابود و دگرگون کرده اند و این امر باعث شده تا همواره مقابله با نتایج حاصل از آن ها و امن ماندن از خطرات وارد شده، موضوع مهمی برای دولتمردان و محققین باشد. این تحقیق با هدف ارزیابی و یافتن راهکارهایی برای کاهش تلفات و اثرات مخرب بحران های طبیعی انجام شده است. به کمک روش تحقیق توصیفی-تحلیلی، ابتدا شاخصه های کالبدی شهری که بر میزان تاب آوری در برابر بحران ها تاثیر دارند، از طریق بررسی کتب و تحقیقات پیشین استخراج شده است. سپس شاخص ها و زیرشاخص ها، بر اساس سه لایه تفکیک شده از تک بنا تا تمام محدوده شهر، طبقه بندی شدند. به کمک نرم افزار تخصصی شهرسازی، برای بررسی هر شاخص در سطح هادی شهر، نقشه های تحلیلی خروجی گرفته شدند. در آخر با استفاده از داده های حاصل از نقشه ها و داده های میدانی از منطقه مورد مطالعه، میزان تاب آور بودن شهر در خصوص هر یک از شاخص ها به دست آمدند. نتایج نشان می دهد که هادی شهر در قسمت های مساحت قطعات، بافت و ساختار، فاصله از گسل، تراکم ساختمانی، معابر، تجهیزات شهری، کیفیت ابنیه و زیرساخت های شهری، دارای بیشترین ضعف است. همچنین اندازه گیری اهمیت هر یک از شاخص ها و زیرشاخص ها نسبت به هم، نشان می دهد که از بین لایه های مقاومتی مدیریت بحران، لایه سوم و از بین زیرشاخص ها، زیرساخت های شهری بیشترین تاثیر را بر میزان مقاومت در برابر بحران ها دارند. در انتها، با توجه به ضعف ساختار شهر در هر یک از مولفه ها و میزان اهمیت آن ها، راهکارهایی برای بهبود وضعیت موجود ارائه شده تا بتوان شهر را به درجه بالاتری از تاب آوری رساند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Assessing the Physical Resilience of the Urban Fabric with a Crisis Management Approach Based on GIS (Case Study: Hadi Shahr Babolsar)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Rouhollah Rahimi 1
  • Fateme Shabanpour 2
  • Arian Irvanloo 3
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Arts and Architecture, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
2 MS.C, Department of Architecture, Faculty of Arts and Architecture, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
3 B.A Student, Department of Urban Planning, Faculty of Arts and Architecture, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
چکیده [English]

Unforeseen crises and natural events are happening worldwide, which have destroyed and changed many people’s lives; this has made it necessary, especially for statesmen and researchers, to always deal with their results and stay safe from the risks they cause. For example, the magnitude 7 earthquake in 1357 in the city of Tabas in Iran was recorded as the most severe earthquake in Iran, which caused the destruction of the entire historical fabric of this city and the loss of more than 20 thousand people, or the flood that occurred in 1380 in Golestan, North Iran has the highest number of casualties in the world. Based on this, the present research aims to evaluate and find solutions to reduce casualties and the destructive effects of natural crises. In doing so, first, the physical indicators at the level of a city, which have an impact on its resilience against crises, were extracted through the review of previous books and research, and then the Specialized GIS urban planning software was used to evaluate each one in the city in question Finally, by using the data obtained from output maps and field data from the region, the city’s resilience was obtained regarding each of the indicators. In the end, considering the weakness of the urban structure in each of the components, solutions were provided to improve the existing situation so that the city could be brought to a higher degree of resilience. The study area in question was one of the newly built cities in the north of Iran

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Resilience
  • Crisis management
  • Physical resilience
  • Natural disasters
  • GIS

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مطالعات ساختار و کارکرد شهری
دوره 12، شماره 1
فروردین 1404
صفحه 119-150

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 31 تیر 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 18 شهریور 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 06 آبان 1403

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