تحلیلی بر تاب‌آوری مناطق شهری مشهد در مواجهه با ناامنی آبی

نوع مقاله : مقاله استخراج از رساله و پایان نامه

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، پردیس بین‌المللی کیش، دانشگاه تهران، ایران

2 استاد، گروه جغرافیای انسانی و برنامه ریزی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه جغرافیای انسانی و برنامه ریزی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

امروزه ناامنی آبی یکی از بزرگ‌ترین خطرات برای رفاه جهانی محسوب می‏شود که شهرها را با مسائل و مشکلات عدیده‏ای در ابعاد اجتماعی، اقتصادی، محیطی و نهادی مواجه ساخته است. بدین ترتیب، طی دهه‌های اخیر برای حل چالش ناامنی آبی و کاهش اثرات آن بر سطح سکونتگاه‌های شهری، راه‌حل‌ها و دیدگاه‌های مختلفی مطرح‌شده است که یکی از مهم‌ترین این راه‌حل‌ها، توجه به مفهوم تاب‏آوری شهری بوده که طی سال‌های اخیر توجه زیادی را در حوزۀ شهرسازی به خود جلب نموده است. بایستی اذعان داشت که دستیابی به امنیت آبی در سطح سکونتگاه‌های شهری در بستر تاب‌آوری شهری به تقسیمات کوچک‌تر یعنی مناطق شهری آن بستگی دارد که به همین منظور، پژوهش حاضر در راستای سنجش تاب-آوری مناطق 13گانه شهر مشهد در مواجهه با ناامنی آبی انجام‌گرفته است. این پژوهش به لحاظ هدف، کاربردی و ازلحاظ ماهیت و روش انجام، توصیفی- تحلیلی است. بدین ترتیب، مبتنی بر چارچوب سنجشی، پرسشنامه‌هایی محقق ساختهۀ طیف لیکرت و با استفاده از فرمول کوکران و روش گلوله برفی بین 400 نفر از شهروندان شهر مشهد، 40 نفر از کارشناسان شرکت آب و فاضلاب شهر مشهد و شرکت آب منطقه‌ای خراسان رضوی و همچنین 40 نفر از متخصصان و پژوهشگران مرتبط با موضوع پژوهش در سطح شهر مشهد توزیع‌ شده است. نتایج این پژوهش حاکی از آن است که شهر مشهد نیز متأثر از ناامنی آبی و اثرات آن بوده و بیشتر مناطق آن از تاب‌آوری لازم در مواجهه با ناامنی آبی برخوردار نیستند، طوری که تنها منطقه 13 شهر مشهد در سطح نسبتاً مطلوب قرار داشته و در مقابل مناطق 1 و 11 در سطح نسبتاً نامطلوب، مناطق 2، 8، 9، 10 و 12 در سطح نامطلوب و مناطق 3، 4، 5، 6 و 7 نیز در سطح خیلی نامطلوب از منظر توان تاب‌آوری در مواجهه با ناامنی آبی قرار گرفتند که این مسئله نیازمند نگاه ویژه نهادهای متولی شهر است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

An Analysis of the Resilience of Urban Regions of Mashhad in the Face of Water Insecurity

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abolfazl mansouri etminan 1
  • Keramatollah Ziari 2
  • Ali Hosseini 3
1 Ph.D. Student, Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Kish International Campus, University of Tehran, Iran.
2 Professor, Department of Human Geography and Planning, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Human Geography and Planning, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Today, water insecurity is considered one of the biggest risks for global prosperity, which has made cities face many issues and problems in social, economic, environmental, and institutional dimensions. Thus, in recent decades, various solutions and perspectives have been proposed to solve the water insecurity challenge and reduce its effects on the level of urban settlements. In the meantime, one of the most important solutions is paying attention to the concept of urban resilience, which has attracted a lot of attention in the field of urban planning in recent years. It should be acknowledged that achieving water security at the level of urban settlements in the context of urban resilience depends on its smaller divisions, i.e. its urban regions. For this purpose, the present research has been conducted to measure the resilience of 13 regions of Mashhad city in facing water insecurity. This research is applied in terms of its purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of its nature and method. Thus, based on the measurement framework, researcher-made questionnaires based on the Likert scale using Cochran's formula and snowball method were distributed among 400 citizens of Mashhad, 40 experts of Mashhad City Water and Sewerage Company and Khorasan Razavi Regional Water Company, and also 40 experts and researchers related to the research topic in Mashhad. The results of this research indicate that the city of Mashhad is also affected by water insecurity and its effects, and most of the urban regions of this city do not have the necessary resilience to face water insecurity. So, only the 13th region of Mashhad city was at a somewhat favorable level. In contrast, regions 1 and 11 were at a somewhat unfavorable level, regions 2, 8, 9, 10, and 12 were at an unfavorable level, and regions 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 were at a very unfavorable level in terms of resilience in the face of water insecurity. In this way, this issue requires special attention from the institutions in charge of the city.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Water insecurity
  • climate change
  • urban resilience
  • cluster analysis
  • TOPSIS technique

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مطالعات ساختار و کارکرد شهری
دوره 12، شماره 2
خرداد 1404
صفحه 65-95

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 09 مرداد 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 17 مهر 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 24 آذر 1403

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