بررسی پدیده پراکنده‌رویی در محلات و تأثیر آن بر فعالیت بدنی (مطالعه موردی: شهر اهواز)

نوع مقاله : مقاله استخراج از رساله و پایان نامه

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 استاد جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

شهر اهواز مرکز استان خوزستان به سبب متغیرهای مانند رشد طبیعی جمعیت، افزایش مهاجرت ناشی از جنگ، توسعه صنایع فولاد و نفتی و غیره رشد کالبدی زیادی داشته است. این رشد در بستر جلگه‌ای و بدون موانع طبیعی، بدون کنترل و برنامه‌ریزی مناسب صورت گرفته است که سبب ظهور پدیده پراکنده‌رویی در این شهر شده است. پدیده پراکنده‌رویی شهری، پدیده چندبعدی است که پیامدهای زیادی را به‌ویژه در بعد اجتماعی و سلامت عمومی به همراه دارد. هدف تحقیق بررسی پدیده پراکنده‌رویی در محلات و تأثیر آن بر فعالیت بدنی در شهر اهواز است. تحقیق از نظر هدف، کاربردی و از نظر روش تحقیق توصیفی –تحلیلی است. دادهای تحقیق در بخش پراکنده‌رویی برای 116 محله از بلوک آماری و لایه کاربری اراضی شهر اهواز استخراج شده است. از 17 شاخص شامل تراکم جمعیت، تراکم واحد مسکونی، تراکم خانوار، تراکم خالص مسکونی، تعداد قطعات دارای کاربری ترکیبی در هر محله، نسبت مساحت کاربری‌های ترکیبی هر محله به‌ کل مساحت محله، نسبت شاغلین، نسبت کاربری تجاری محله، نسبت مساحت ساخته شده به کل مساحت محله، تراکم ساختمانی محله، نسبت مساحت کاربری‌های خدماتی به مساحت محله، نسبت تراکم ساختمانی به بالاترین تراکم، نسبت تراکم جمعیت به بالاترین تراکم، فاصله از مرکز شهر، نسبت زمین‌های بایر از مساحت محله، نسبت ساختمان‌های یک طبقه و میانگین اندازه قطعات مسکونی استفاده‌شده است. جهت تحلیل داده‌ها از نرم‌افزار ArcGIS و تکنیک‌های دیمتل (جهت وزن دهی) ویکور (جهت رتبه‌بندی) استفاده شده است. در بخش دوم (فعالیت بدنی شهروندان) از پرسشنامه به منظور گردآوری داده‌ها استفاده شده است. جامعه آماری ساکنان دو محله‌ای است که در رتبه‌های اول و آخر از نظر پراکنده‌رویی قرارگرفته‌اند. نتایج تحقیق نشان می‌دهد محله کیانشهر در رتبه اول و محله زیتون کارمندی در رتبه آخر از نظر میزان پراکنده‌رویی قرارگرفته‌اند. نتایج پرسشنامه فعالیت بدنی در این دو محله نشان داد فعالیت بدنی و فعالیت ورزشی محله زیتون کارمندی بالاتر از محله کیانشهر می‌باشد؛ بنابراین در شهر اهواز پراکنده‌رویی فعالیت بدنی را کاهش می‌دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

0An Investigation of Sprawl Phenomena in Neighborhoods and their Impact on Physical Activity (Case Study: Ahvaz City)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahmoud Arvin 1
  • Ahmad Pourahmad 2
  • Keramatollah Ziyari 2
  • Saeed Zanganeh Shahraki 3
1 PhD Candidate of Geography & Urban Planning, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran, Iran
2 Professor of Geography & Urban Planning, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Professor of Geography & Urban Planning, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Urban sprawl phenomenon is a multidimensional phenomenon that has many consequences, especially in social and public health aspects. The purpose of the present research is to investigate the sprawl phenomena in neighborhoods and their impact on the physical activity in Ahvaz. The research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of method it is descriptive-analytical. Survey data in the scattered section for 116 neighborhoods were extracted from the statistical block and from land-use layer of Ahvaz city. 17 indices including population density, housing density, household density, net residential density, number of mixed land use parcels per neighborhood…. were used. The data were analyzed using ArcGIS software and DEMATEL (weighting) Vikor (ranking) techniques. In the second part (citizens' physical activity) a questionnaire was used to collect data. The statistical population is the residents of two neighborhoods that are in the first and last ranks in the sprawl form. The results show that Kianshahr neighborhood and Zeytoon Karmandi neighborhood are in the last place in terms of sprawl rate. The results of the physical activity questionnaire in these two neighborhoods showed that physical activity and sport activity of Zeytoon Karmandi neighborhood were higher than Kianshahr neighborhood. Therefore, sprawl in Ahwaz city reduces physical activity.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Urban sprawl
  • Physical Activity
  • Health
  • Density
  • Ahwaz City

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