Akintunde, J. A., Adzandeh, E. A., & Fabiyi, O. O. (2016). Spatio-temporal pattern of urban growth in Jos Metropolis, Nigeria. Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment, 4, 44-54.
Alabi, M. O. (2009). Urban sprawl, pattern and measurement in Lokoja, Nigeria. Theoretical and Empirical Researches in Urban Management, 4(4 (13), 158-164.
Alfonzo, M., Guo, Z., Lin, L., & Day, K. (2014). Walking, obesity and urban design in Chinese neighborhoods. Preventive medicine, 69, S79-S85.
Altieri, L., Cocchi, D., Pezzi, G., Scott, E. M., & Ventrucci, M. (2014). Urban sprawl scatterplots for urban morphological zones data. Ecological Indicators, 36, 315-323.
Amini, M., Heydarinejad, S., Azmasha, T. (2016) Ranking of Facilitating Factors for the Participation of the Elderly in Ahvaz in Activities by TOPSIS Method, Sports Management, 8(4). 527-540. (In Persian).
Arribas-Bel, D., Nijkamp, P., & Scholten, H. (2011). Multidimensional urban sprawl in Europe: A self-organizing map approach. Computers, environment and urban systems, 35(4), 263-275.
Bahraini, S H., Khosravi, H. (2010) Physical-spatial criteria affecting the rate of walking, health, physical fitness, Journal of Fine Arts-Architecture and Urban Planning, No. 43, pp. 5-16. (In Persian).
Berrigan, D., & Troiano, R. P. (2002). The association between urban form and physical activity in US adults. American journal of preventive medicine, 23(2), 74-79
Bhatta, B., Saraswati, S., & Bandyopadhyay, D. (2010). Urban sprawl measurement from remote sensing data. Applied geography, 30(4), 731-740.
Burchell, R., Downs, A., McCann, B., & Mukherji, S. (2005). Sprawl costs: Economic impacts of unchecked development. Island Press.
Cohen, D., & Sturm, R. (2004). Urban Sprawl and Chronic Medical Problems. Public Health, 118(7), 488-496.
Day, K., Alfonzo, M., Chen, Y., Guo, Z., & Lee, K. K. (2013). Overweight, obesity, and inactivity and urban design in rapidly growing Chinese cities. Health & place, 21, 29-38.
Deng, F. F., & Huang, Y. (2004). Uneven land reform and urban sprawl in China: the case of Beijing. Progress in planning, 61(3), 211-236.
Ewing, R. H., & Hamidi, S. (2014). Measuring sprawl 2014. Smart Growth America.
Ewing, R. H., Pendall, R., & Chen, D. D. (2002). Measuring sprawl and its impact (Vol. 1, p. 55). Washington, DC: Smart Growth America.
Ewing, R., Meakins, G., Hamidi, S., & Nelson, A. C. (2014). Relationship between urban sprawl and physical activity, obesity, and morbidity–Update and refinement. Health & place, 26, 118-126.
Ewing, R., Schmid, T., Killingsworth, R., Zlot, A., & Raudenbush, S. (2003). Relationship between urban sprawl and physical activity, obesity, and morbidity. American journal of health promotion, 18(1), 47-57.
Fairclough, S., & Stratton, G. (2004). ‘Physical education makes you fit and healthy’. Physical education's contribution to young people's physical activity levels. Health education research, 20(1), 14-23.
Forsyth, A., Oakes, J. M., Schmitz, K. H., & Hearst, M. (2007). Does residential density increase walking and other physical activity? Urban Studies, 44(4), 679-697.
Frenkel, A., & Ashkenazi, M. (2008). Measuring urban sprawl: how can we deal with it?. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 35(1), 56-79.
Frumkin, H., Frank, L., & Jackson, R. J. (2004). Urban sprawl and public health: Designing, planning, and building for healthy communities. Island Press.
Fulton, W. B., Pendall, R., Nguyẽ̂n, M., & Harrison, A. (2001). Who sprawls most?: How growth patterns differ across the US. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution, Center on Urban and Metropolitan Policy.
Garden, F. L., & Jalaludin, B. B. (2009). Impact of urban sprawl on overweight, obesity, and physical activity in Sydney, Australia. Journal of Urban Health, 86(1), 19-30.
GHodrat Nama, A., Heydarinejad, S., Shetab Bushehri, SN. (2019) Modeling the interactive role of park structure, habitat and activity (Case study; Ahvaz residents), Sports Management Studies, No. 52, 218-199. (In Persian).
Giles-Corti, B., Hooper, P., Foster, S., Koohsari, M. J., & Francis, J. (2014). Low density development: Impacts on physical activity and associated health outcomes. Melbourne: National Heart Foundation of Australia.
Griffin, B. A., Eibner, C., Bird, C. E., Jewell, A., Margolis, K., Shih, R., & Escarce, J. J. (2013). The relationship between urban sprawl and coronary heart disease in women. Health & place, 20, 51-61.
Hakimian, P. (2015) Health-oriented urban spaces: Physical characteristics affecting obesity, Armanshahr architecture and urban planning, 15, 215-224. (In Persian).
Hamidi, S., Ewing, R., Preuss, I., Dodds, A., 2015. Measuring sprawl and its impacts: an update. J. Plan. Educ. Res. 35 (1), 35–50.
Hasse, J. E., & Lathrop, R. G. (2003). Land resource impact indicators of urban sprawl. Applied geography, 23(2-3), 159-175.
He, Q., Song, Y., Liu, Y., & Yin, C. (2017). Diffusion or coalescence? Urban growth pattern and change in 363 Chinese cities from 1995 to 2015. Sustainable cities and society, 35, 729-739.
He, Q., Tan, R., Gao, Y., Zhang, M., Xie, P., & Liu, Y. (2018). Modeling urban growth boundary based on the evaluation of the extension potential: A case study of Wuhan city in China. Habitat International, 72, 57-65.
Holcombe, R. G., & Williams, D. W. (2010). Urban sprawl and transportation externalities. Review of Regional Studies, 40(3), 257-273.
Hu, S., Tong, L., Frazier, A. E., & Liu, Y. (2015). Urban boundary extraction and sprawl analysis using Landsat images: A case study in Wuhan, China. Habitat International, 47, 183-195.
Huang, J., Lu, X. X., & Sellers, J. M. (2007). A global comparative analysis of urban form: Applying spatial metrics and remote sensing. Landscape and urban planning, 82(4), 184-197.
Humphrey, N. P. (2005). Does the built environment influence physical activity. TR News, 237, 32.
Iram, A., Rasool, L., Shahzad, F., & Saeed, Y. (2012). Impact of Urban Sprawl on Public Health: An Analysis of Lahore-Pakistan. World Applied Sciences Journal, 20(1), 80-86.
Jaeger, J. A., Bertiller, R., Schwick, C., & Kienast, F. (2010). Suitability criteria for measures of urban sprawl. Ecological indicators, 10(2), 397-406.
James, P., Troped, P. J., Hart, J. E., Joshu, C. E., Colditz, G. A., Brownson, R. C., ... & Laden, F. (2013). Urban sprawl, physical activity, and body mass index: Nurses’ Health Study and Nurses’ Health Study II. American journal of public health, 103(2), 369-375.
James, P., Troped, P. J., Hart, J. E., Joshu, C. E., Colditz, G. A., Brownson, R. C., ... & Laden, F. (2013). Urban sprawl, physical activity, and body mass index: Nurses’ Health Study and Nurses’ Health Study II. American journal of public health, 103(2), 369-375.
Jaret, C., Ghadge, R., Reid, L. W., & Adelman, R. M. (2009). The measurement of suburban sprawl: an evaluation. City & Community, 8(1), 65-84.
Jiao, L., Liu, J., Xu, G., Dong, T., Gu, Y., Zhang, B., & Liu, X. (2018). Proximity Expansion Index: An improved approach to characterize evolution process of urban expansion. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, 70, 102-112.
Johnson, M. P. (2001). Environmental impacts of urban sprawl: a survey of the literature and proposed research agenda. Environment and planning A, 33(4), 717-735.Nengroo, Z. A., Bhat, M. S., & Kuchay, N. A. (2017). Measuring urban sprawl of Srinagar city, Jammu and Kashmir, India. Journal of Urban Management, 6(2), 45-55.
Kasanko, M., Barredo, J. I., Lavalle, C., McCormick, N., Demicheli, L., Sagris, V., & Brezger, A. (2006). Are European cities becoming dispersed? A comparative analysis of 15 European urban areas. Landscape and urban planning, 77(1-2), 111-130.
Kazemi, A., Gol Laleh, T. (2017) Recognition of physical factors-space affecting the walk of citizens in urban neighborhoods, a case study; Nowshahr, Urban Studies, No. 22, 97-89. (In Persian).
Lee, I. M., Ewing, R., & Sesso, H. D. (2009). The built environment and physical activity levels: the Harvard Alumni Health Study. American journal of preventive medicine, 37(4), 293-298.
Liu, Z., Liu, S., Qi, W., & Jin, H. (2018). Urban sprawl among Chinese cities of different population sizes. Habitat International, 79, 89-98.
Lopez, R. (2004). Urban sprawl and risk for being overweight or obese. American journal of public health, 94(9), 1574-1579.
Lopez, R. P., & Hynes, H. P. (2006). Obesity, physical activity, and the urban environment: public health research needs. Environmental Health, 5(1), 25.
Lotfi, K; Moradi Dol Amir, M.,Ghasemi, Z., Delfi, Z. (2017), Locating the parks of Ahvaz neighborhoods (Case study: Zaytoun Karmandi neighborhood, Airport and Golestan intersection), Conference on Islamic and Historical Architecture and Urban Research in Iran. 1-14. (In Persian).
Lotfi, S., Ghadami, M., Hosseinpour Asgar, M. (2017) Study of the effects of land use distribution on citizens' health (Case study: Babolsar city), Journal of Geography and Urban Space Development, Fourth Year. 1, 145-139. (In Persian).
Lotfi, S., Shikibaei, A (2012) Investigation and testing of the pedestrian capability index and its relationship with the built environment of the city, case study, Qorveh city, Armanshahr architecture and urban planning, 292-383. (In Persian).
Martellozzo, F., & Clarke, K. C. (2011). Measuring urban sprawl, coalescence, and dispersal: a case study of Pordenone, Italy. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 38(6), 1085-1104.
Mosammam, H. M., Nia, J. T., Khani, H., Teymouri, A., & Kazemi, M. (2017). Monitoring land use change and measuring urban sprawl based on its spatial forms: The case of Qom city. The Egyptian Journal of Remote Sensing and Space Science, 20(1), 103-116.
Nastarn, M., Mohammadi, S. (2018) Leveling of urban neighborhoods in terms of walking capability index (study sample; 27 neighborhoods of one metropolitan area of Rasht), Planning studies of human settlements, 13, (4), 912-893. (In Persian).
Nikpour, A., Hosseinpour Asgar, M., Talebi, H. (2017) Study and evaluation of environmental indicators affecting the ability to walk (Case study: Amol city), Quarterly Journal of Urban Studies, Structure and Function, Fourth Year, (13),. 13-110. (In Persian).
Patacchini, E., Zenou, Y., Henderson, J. V., & Epple, D. (2009). Urban sprawl in Europe. Brookings-Wharton Papers on Urban Affairs, 125-149.
Pence, J. (2008). Measuring Omaha, Nebraska's urban sprawl from 1990–2000. University of Nebraska at Omaha.
Pozoukidou, G., & Ntriankos, I. (2017). Measuring and assessing urban sprawl: A proposed indicator system for the city of Thessaloniki, Greece. Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment, 8, 30-40.
Rangzan, K., Firoozi, Mo A., Taghizadeh, A., Mehdizadeh, R. (2011), Investigation and analysis of the role of land use in the formation of thermal islands using R.S and GIS: A case study of "Ahvaz", the first national seminar on the use of GIS in Economic, social and urban planning,. 1-21. (In Persian).
Sadigh, M., Lotfi, S. & Ghadami, M. (2018) Studying the role of built environment in walkability iv residential areas (A case study of Zone 7, Tehran), Journal of Sustainable city, 1 (2), 65-78. (In Persian).
Saelens, B. E., Sallis, J. F., Black, J. B., & Chen, D. (2003). Neighborhood-based differences in physical activity: an environment scale evaluation. American journal of public health, 93(9), 1552-1558.
Schneider, A., & Woodcock, C. E. (2008). Compact, dispersed, fragmented, extensive? A comparison of urban growth in twenty-five global cities using remotely sensed data, pattern metrics and census information. Urban Studies, 45(3), 659-692.
Seliske, L., Pickett, W., & Janssen, I. (2012). Urban sprawl and its relationship with active transportation, physical activity and obesity in Canadian youth. Health Rep, 23(2), 17-25.
Siddiqui, A., Siddiqui, A., Maithani, S., Jha, A. K., Kumar, P., & Srivastav, S. K. (2018). Urban growth dynamics of an Indian metropolitan using CA Markov and Logistic Regression. The Egyptian Journal of Remote Sensing and Space Science, 21(3), 229-236.
Sturm, R., & Cohen, D. A. (2004). Suburban sprawl and physical and mental health. Public health, 118(7), 488-496.
Su, M., Tan, Y. Y., Liu, Q. M., Ren, Y. J., Kawachi, I., Li, L. M., & Lv, J. (2014). Association between perceived urban built environment attributes and leisure-time physical activity among adults in Hangzhou, China. Preventive medicine, 66, 60-64.
Terzi, F., & Bolen, F. (2009). Urban sprawl measurement of Istanbul. European Planning Studies, 17(10), 1559-1570.
Tsai, Y. H. (2005). Quantifying urban form: compactness versus' sprawl'. Urban studies, 42(1), 141-161.
Vandegrift, D., & Yoked, T. (2004). Obesity rates, income, and suburban sprawl: an analysis of US states. Health & Place, 10(3), 221-229.
Weitz, J., & Crawford, T. (2012). Where the jobs are going: Job sprawl in US metropolitan regions, 2001–2006. Journal of the American Planning Association, 78(1), 53-69.
Yu, X. J., & Ng, C. N. (2007). Spatial and temporal dynamics of urban sprawl along two urban–rural transects: A case study of Guangzhou, China. Landscape and Urban Planning, 79(1), 96-109.
Yue, W., Zhang, L., & Liu, Y. (2016). Measuring sprawl in large Chinese cities along the Yangtze River via combined single and multidimensional metrics. Habitat International, 57, 43-52.
Wilson, E. H., Hurd, J. D., Civco, D. L., Prisloe, M. P., & Arnold, C. (2003). Development of a geospatial model to quantify, describe and map urban growth. Remote sensing of environment, 86(3), 275-285.
Zhao, Z., & Kaestner, R. (2010). Effects of urban sprawl on obesity. Journal of Health Economics, 29 (6), 779-787.
Zhou, W., Jiao, M., Yu, W., & Wang, J. (2017). Urban sprawl in a megaregion: a multiple spatial and temporal perspective. Ecological Indicators. 96, 54-66.