برساخت الگوی شهر ایمن براساس شاخصه های رفتاری ساکنین (نمونه موردی محله سعدی ساری)

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه معماری، آموزشکدهی صنعتی مازندران، بابل، ایران.

2 دانشجوی گروه معماری دانشگاه آزاد ساری، ساری، ایران.

3 دانشیار، گروه شهرسازی، دانشگاه آزاد واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

روند شتابان شهرنشینی در کشورهای درحال توسعه با افزایش آمار جرم و جنایت در این کشورها همراه بوده است. ایران نیز مانند بسیاری ازکشورها وضعیت سختی دارد. یکی از جدیدترین رویکردها در مطالعات ساختار شهری توجه به نسل‌های متفاوت پیشگیری از جرم ازطریق طراحی محیطی است. تأثیر الگوهای رفتاری ساکنین (انزوا، قرابت، مدارا و گمنامی) بر امنیت و سنجش رابطه‌ی بین خصوصیات محیط کالبدی و رفتار ساکنین با توجه به رویکرد  CPTEDکه منجر به بالارفتن امنیت محیطی می-شود، ضروری به نظر می‌‌رسد. پژوهش حاضر، ازنظر روش‌شناسی در دسته‌ی تحقیقات توصیفی و اکتشافی با رهیافت پژوهش‌‌های کمّی قرار می‌گیرد. هدف از این پژوهش، بررسی رابطه‌‌ی بین محیط کالبدی و رفتار ساکنین درجهت ارائه‌‌ی فاکتورهای تعیین-کننده در طراحی محیط‌‌های مسکونی امن و به‌طور جزء آمار توصیفی در تأیید یا رد فرضیه‌‌های تحقیق به کاربست مدل تحلیل عاملی، استفاده ازآمار استنباطی (از طریق معیارGOF وآزمون (F و استفاده از آزمون کولموگروف- اسمرینوف است. محله‌‌ی سعدی ساری به‌‌سان مصداق بارزی از محله‌‌های امن واجد امنیت محیطی است که متأسفانه رو به ناامنی می‌‌رود. برای مدل حاضر  GOF برابر 64/ 0محاسبه شد که نشان از برازش کلی بسیار قوی مدل دارد. متغیرهای وابسته و مستقل تحقیق، بدون درنظرگرفتن مقدار متوسط انحراف درحد متوسط و متغیر الگوهای رفتاری ساکنین درحد بالا قرار دارد. کلیه‌ی فرضیه‌های تحقیق تأیید شد و نتیجه‌ی تحقیق، ارائه‌ی مدل‌های مفهومیCPTED  با چالش در نسل‌‌های این مفهوم است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Construction of a Safe City Model, Based on Residents’ Behavioral Characteristics: A Case Stud on Saadi Neighborhood of Sari

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mehdi Ghafouri 1
  • Arian Rezaei Khonakdar 2
  • Hossein Zabihi 3
1 Assistant Professor of Architecture, Department of Architecture, Mazandaran Institute Of Technology, Iran.
2 Ph.D. Student in Architecture, Department of Architecture, Islamic Azad University, Sari Branch, Iran.
3 Associate Professor of Urban Planning, Department of Urban Planning and Art, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Iran
چکیده [English]

The rapid urbanization trend in developing countries has been accompanied with increasing number of crimes. Similar to other developing countries, Iran is in a difficult situation regarding the number of crimes. One of the newest approaches to confront the city safety crisis and study the urban structure is addressing the link between environment and practices, as well as hypotheses and processes through Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (CPTED) Approach. It seems essential to examine the effect of behavioral patterns of residents (isolation, affinity, tolerance and anonymity) on security as well as the relationship between physical environment features and behavioral characteristics of residents based on CPTED approach in favor of environmental security. The present quantitative research is methodologically in the category of descriptive-exploratory research and tries to investigate the association between physical environment and residents’ behavior to provide determinant factors in designing safe residential environment and using factor analysis model, inferential statistics (using GOF index and F-value), and descriptive statistics to accept or reject research variables. In this regard, Kolmogorov-Smrinov Test has been employed to analyze the data obtained through distributing 384 questionnaires during 2019-2020. Saadi Neighborhood in Sari has been one of the safe places with environmental security, which is unfortunately becoming insecure. The output GOF obtained was 0.64, indicating the high robust fit of the model. Dependent and independent variables of the study were on an average level while behavioral patterns of residents were placed on a high level. The results showed that Saadi Neighborhood inhabitants' behavior component was the main indicator of safety in this neighborhood. All research hypotheses were confirmed and CPTED conceptual models along with challenges in the next generations were presented.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • City structure studies
  • physical attributes
  • behavioral patterns
  • Saadi Neighborhood
  • CPTED Approach
  • Sari

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مطالعات ساختار و کارکرد شهری
دوره 9، شماره 30
فروردین 1401
صفحه 59-95

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 08 دی 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 08 دی 1400

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