ارزیابی طرح توانمندسازی سکونتگاههای غیررسمی از بعد کیفیت محیطی از منظر ساکنان ( نمونه ی موردی: محلات حاشیه نشین شهر همدان)

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری شهرسازی، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران.

2 دانشیار گروه طراحی شهری دانشکده هنر و معماری دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران.

چکیده

رشد روزافزون جمعیت شهری،گسترش فقر و مهاجرت، شکل گیری پدیده حاشیه نشینی در شهرها را گسترش داده است. در مواجهه با این پدیده، فعالیت ها و اقدامات مختلفی در کشورهای گوناگون از نادیده گرفتن، تخلیه، تخریب و تا نهایتاً ارتقاء و توانمندسازی این محلات صورت گرفته است.  این پژوهش بر آن است تا از منظر کیفیت محیطی و براساس نقطه نظرات ساکنین، نسبت به ارزیابی طرح پیشنهادی و اجراء شده توانمندسازی محله حاشیه نشین خضر شهر همدان،  اقدام نماید . براساس مطالعات نظری و میدانی مهمترین شاخص ها و معیارهای مورد سنجش در ارتباط با کیفیت محیطی شامل: ابعاد کارکردی، انسانی، کیفیت مراقبت، سلامت محیطی و مکانی می باشد. روش تحقیق حاضر از نوع توصیفی – تحلیلی  و شیوة جمع آوری داده ها به روش پیمایشی بوده و از ابزار پرسش نامه برای جمع آوری داده ها استفاده شده است. از طریق فرمول کوکران، تعداد 360 نفر با توجه به جامعه آماری درنظر گرفته شده است. برای بررسی سطح معناداری معیار های پنج گانه و زیر معیارهای آن ها و همچنین تحلیل یافته ها با روش تحلیل آماری از دستگاه SPSS و آزمون های فریدمن، همبستگی اسپیرمن، واریانس یکطرفه، آزمون تی و همچنین من ویتنی استفاده شده است. ارزیابی ساکنان نسبت به طرح توانمدسازی محله  نشان از رابطه مستقیم بین  ابعاد کارکردی، انسانی و کیفیت مراقبت با کیفیت محیطی سکونتگاه های غیر رسمی حکایت دارد. درحالی که وجود خدمات تجاری متنوع در سطح محله و همچنین ارتباطات اجتماعی بالای افراد در محله از جمله رویکردهای مثبت طرح توانمندسازی محله خضر اشاره شده است، لکن، ایجاد فضاهای عمومی مناسب، ارتقاء خدمات تفریحی و فرهنگی و همچنین ایجاد زیرساخت های فضای سبز، از جمله مواردی می باشد که معمولا در طرح های توانمندسازی سکونت گاه های غیر رسمی کمتر بدان توجه شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Residents’ Evaluation of the Plan to Empower Informal Settlements in Terms of Environmental Quality: A Case Study on Khezr Neighborhood in Hamedan City

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohamd Motaghed 1
  • Hasan Sajadzadeh 2
1 Ph.D. Student of Urban Design, Faculty of Art and Architecture, University of Bu Ali Sina, Hamedan, Iran.
2 Associate Professor of Architecture, University of Bu Ali Sina, Hamedan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The growing urban population and the resulting challenges as well as the spread of poverty and migration have caused the formation of the phenomenon of marginalization in cities. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the implemented plan from the perspective of environmental quality and based on the opinion of residents. Indicators and criteria to be measured regarding the environmental quality of this settlement include functional, human, preservation quality, environmental quality and spatial health. Through Cochran's formula, 360 statistical samples have been chosen from the statistical community. The research method was descriptive-analytical and the data was collected through survey method and using questionnaires. To evaluate the significance level of the five criteria and their sub-criteria and analyze the findings in the SPSS Software, Friedman test, one-way Spearman correlation and t-test as well as Mann-Whitney test were used. The results show a direct relationship between functional, human and preservation quality and the environmental quality of the informal settlements. The results also indicated the existence of high-quality commercial services, high communication between the people in the neighborhood and protection of positive and efficient features in the neighborhood had the most priorities. Moreover, in the fields of creating urban planning and architectural spaces, creating and developing recreational and cultural services as well as green space infrastructure must be properly planned.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Empowerment
  • Evaluation
  • Informal Settlement
  • Environmental Quality
  • Kheer Neighborhood
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