بررسی و تحلیل میزان مطلوبیت کارکردهای اجتماعی فضاهای شهری (مطالعه موردی: منطقه 12 کلان‌شهر تهران)

نوع مقاله : مقاله استخراج از رساله و پایان نامه

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری طراحی شهری، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران

2 استادیار گروه شهرسازی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران

3 دانشیار گروه معماری، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران

4 استادیار گروه معماری، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران

چکیده

فضاهای شهری دارای عملکردها و کارکردهای متنوعی می‌باشند که در این بین یکی از مهمترین آنها کارکرد اجتماعی است. کارکرد اجتماعی فضا از مهمترین کارکردهای فضاهای شهری محسوب می‌گردد که امکان درگیری در تعاملات معنادار با اجتماع، شکل‌گیری حس مکان و فرصت جمع شدن و لذت تجربه با دیگران را در شهروندان ایجاد می‌نماید. بنابراین، با توجه به اهمیت کارکرد اجتماعی فضاهای شهری، هدف از تحقیق حاضر بررسی و تحلیل مطلوبیت این کارکردها در منطقه 12 کلان‌شهر تهران می‌باشد. از این‌رو، روش تحقیق از نظر هدف کاربردی و از نظر ماهیت تحلیلی-اکتشافی بوده که به‌منظور تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها و اطلاعات از روش مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری در نرم‌افزار AMOS استفاده شده است. جامعه‌ی آماری تحقیق نیز شامل شهروندان منطقه 12 تهران بوده که حجم نمونه بر مبنای فرمول کوکران 384 نفر محاسبه شده است که نحوه‌ی دسترسی به آنها بر اساس روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی ساده می‌باشد. یافته‌های تحقیق نشان می‌دهد که میزان مطلوبیت کارکردهای اجتماعی فضاهای شهری در منطقه 12 کلان‌شهر تهران یعنی برقراری تعاملات اجتماعی، تعهد و تعلق اجتماعی (یکی شدن با فضا) و پاسخگویی اجتماعی بر اساس مدل ساختاری به ترتیب 62/0، 49/0 و 41/0 به‌دست آمده است. همچنین نتایج شاخص جزئی مقدار بحرانی و P در مدل ساختاری نشان می‌دهد که وضعیت متغیرهای برقراری تعاملات اجتماعی در منطقه 12 در سطح اطمینان 95 درصد و مقدار بحرانی 37/2 (یعنی بالاتر از 96/1) مطلوب، متغیرهای پاسخگویی اجتماعی با مقدار بحرانی 52/1 (یعنی کمتر از 96/1) نامطلوب و پاسخگویی اجتماعی با مقدار بحرانی 99/1 دارای مطلوبیت نسبی بوده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

An Analysis of the Desirability of Social Functions of Urban Spaces: A Case Study on District 12 of Tehran Metropolis

نویسندگان [English]

  • Leila Omidiyan Kalashgarani 1
  • Arash Saghafi Asl 2
  • Hassan Sattari Sarbangholi 3
  • Mahsa Faramarzi Asl 4
1 Ph.D. Student of Urban Designing, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Urbanism, Tabriz branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
3 Associate Professor, Department of Architecture, Tabriz branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
4 Assistant professor, Department of Architecture, Tabriz branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Urban spaces have a variety of functions, one of the most important of which is social function. The social function of space is one of the most important functions of urban spaces that creates the possibility of engaging in meaningful interactions with society, forming a sense of place and the opportunity to gather and enjoy the experience with others as citizens. Therefore, considering the importance of the social function of urban spaces, the purpose of this study is to investigate and analyze the desirability of these functions in District 12 of Tehran Metropolis. The research method was applied in terms of purpose and analytical-exploratory in nature. To analyze the data, structural equation modeling method was used in AMOS Software. The statistical population of the study also included the citizens of District 12 of Tehran, and the sample size was 384 based on Cochran's formula and a simple random sampling method. Findings show that the degrees of desirability of social functions of urban spaces in District 12 of Tehran, i.e., social interaction, commitment, social belonging (integration with space) and social accountability have been obtained to be 0.62, 0.49 and 0.41, respectively based on the structural equation modeling. Also, the results of the partial index of critical and P values in the structural model show that the status of social interaction variables in District 12 was desirable at 95% confidence level with the critical value of 2.37 (i.e., above 1.96). Moreover, social response variable with a critical value of 1.52 (i.e., less than 1.96) was unfavorable and social responsiveness with a critical value of 1.99 was relatively desirable.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Space
  • Urban space
  • Social functions
  • District 12 of Tehran Metropolis

مراجع

Bagmohammadi, A.A., & Salavarzizadeh, M. (2021). An Analysis of the Indicators Affecting the Inclusiveness of Urban Spaces: A Case Study of Ilam. Human Geography Research Quarterly, 53(117), 921-941. (In Persian).
Cao, J., & Kang, J. (2019). Social relationships and patterns of use in urban public spaces in China and the United Kingdom. Cities, 93, 188-196.
Carmona, M. (2019). Principles for public space design, planning to do better. Urban Design International, 24, 47-59.
Carmona, M., Heath, T., Oc, T. & Tiesdell, S. (2003). Public Spaces Urban Spaces: The dimension of urban design. 1st edn. London, Architectural Press.
Collins, D., & Stadler, S. L. (2020). Public Spaces, Urban. International Encyclopedia of Human Geography (Second Edition), 2020, 103-111.
Collins, D., & Stadler, S. L. (2020). Public Spaces, Urban. International Encyclopedia of Human Geography (Second Edition), 2020, 103-111.
Dakshayani, R. P., & Mamatha, P. R. (2012). Urban Public Space: Exploring the semantics Brief over-view on various models, theories, interpretations and experiential exponents. Urban India, 32 (2), 1-16.
De Magalhaes, C., & Trigo, S. F. (2017). ‘Clubification’ of urban public spaces? The withdrawal or the re-definition of the role of local government in the management of public spaces. Journal of Urban Design, 22(4), 1-19.
Estevez, E., Lopes, N., & Janowski, T. (2016). Smart Sustainable Cities: Reconnaissance Study. United Nations University Operating Unit on Policy-Driven Electronic Governance.
Ghalambor Dezhfoli, M., & Naghizade, M. (2014). Urban Design in the Context of Social Interaction Enhancement (Case Study: Street between Neighborhoods). Hoviatshahr, 8(17), 15-24. (In Persian).
Habib, F., Naderi, S.M., Jahanshahlo, L., & Forozangar, H. (2012). A Research on Delivering the Analysis Framework of Social Capital in Urban Structure, Focusing on Public Urban Spaces Role (Case Study: Tehran city). Hoviatshahr, 7(12), 5-14. (In Persian).
Habibi, S.M. (1999). Civil society and urban life. Honarhaye Ziba, 2(7), 21-31. (In Persian).
Krkljes, M., & Neducin, D. (2016). Public spaces for children in a post-socialist city, South East European Journal of Architecture and Design, 2016, 1-5.
Lara-Hernandez, J., Melis, A., & Lehmann, S. (2019). Temporary Appropriation of Public Space as an Emergence Assemblage for the Future Urban Landscape: The Case of Mexico City. Future cities and Environment, 5(1), 1-22.
Latham, A., & Layton, J. (2019). Social infrastructure and the public life of cities: Studying urban sociality and public spaces. Geography Compass, 13(7), 1-14.
Michał, M. & Sylwia, S. (2019). Urban and Rural Public Spaces: Development Issues and Qualitative Assessment. Bulletin of Geography. Socio-economic Series, Sciendo, 45(45), 75-93.
Mihaila, M. (2012). About urban insertions and space discontinuities. In P. De Joanna, D. Francese & P. Passaro (Eds.), Sustainable Mediterranean Construction. Sustainable Environment in the Mediterranean Region: from Housing to Urban and Land Scale Constru ction.  Richerche di technologia dell’architettura. (pp. 371–376). Milano: FrancoAngeli.
Mohammadi, M., Azimi, M., Moghaddam, H., & Rafieian, M. (2012). Urban public spaces: Realization of social interactions in historical Texture.  Maremat & memari-e Iran, 2(4), 15-28. (In Persian).
Naghizadeh, M. (2016). Analysis and design of urban spaces. Tehran: Jahaddaneshgahi Puplications. (In Persian).
Nezhadebrahimi, A., Farshchian, A.H., & Khoshrokh, P. (2017). A study of the theoretical framework of urban space and the effects of existing forces in the formation of the city (with an aesthetic attitude). Green architecture, 3(9), 61-70. (In Persian).
Pakzad, J. (2011). Theoretical foundations and urban design process. Tehran: Shahidi Puplications. (In Persian).
Praliya, S., & Garg, P. (2019). Public space quality evaluation: prerequisite for public space management. The Journal of Public Space, 4(1), 93-126.
Rafieian, M., & Khodayi, Z. (2009). The Study of Determining Indices and Criteria of Citizen's Satisfaction with Urban Public Spaces. Rahbord Journal, 18(53), 227-248. (In Persian).
Ramlee, M., Omar, D., Mohd Yunus, R., & Samadi, Z. (2015). Revitalization of Urban Public Spaces: An Overview. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 201, 360-367.
Sarvar, H., Kashaniasl, A., & Salahi, V. (2016). An Introduction to the Dynamics of Urban Spaces with Emphasis on the Role of Urban Centers. Maraghe: Maragheh University Press. (In Persian).
Sattarzadeh, D., Naghizadeh, M., & Habib, F. (2010). Urban Space, a Social Thought. Journal of Environmental Sciences and Technology, 12(4), 173-183. (In Persian).
Siagian, M. (2016). Social Space as People-Gathering Tool. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 234, 265–270.
Siavashpour, B., Abron, A.A., & Mosavi, S.M. (2019). Approaches to the design of public spaces of urban sociability derived from the characteristics of the third place. Journal of Urban Design Studies and Urban Research, 2(7), 33-40. (In Persian).
Tarshizain, P. (2012). Organizing and Renovating Public Spaces in Metropolis, Case Study: District 5 of Tehran. Master Thesis in Geography and Urban planning, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch. (In Persian).
Tchoukaley- ska, R. (2013). Re- imagining Public Space: Urban Renewal, Identity, and Discourses of Consumption in Montpellie. France. PhD Thesis. Department of Geography, University of Sheffield.
Tonkaboni, B., Shahbian, P., & Modiri, A. (2017). Recognition and analysis of socio-cultural changes and developments in urban public spaces of Tehran nowadays. Cultural Research Society, 8(4), 133-158. (In Persian).
Worpole, K. & Knox, K. (2007) The Social Value of Public Spaces. York: Joseph Rowntree Foundation.
 
 
 
مطالعات ساختار و کارکرد شهری
دوره 9، شماره 31
خرداد 1401
صفحه 151-169

فایل ها

سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 05 آبان 1400
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 08 دی 1400
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 08 خرداد 1401

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار