تحلیل پراکنش فقرشهری در بافت‌های ناکارآمد با استفاده از سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی (مطالعه موردی: نفت شهر آبادان)

نوع مقاله : مقالات مستقل پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری ، واحد نجف آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف‌آباد،ایران.

2 استادیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، واحد نجف آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف آباد، ایران.

3 استادیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، واحد نجف آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف آباد، ایران

4 دانشیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری ، واحد نجف آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف‌آباد،ایران

چکیده

مسأله‌ی فقر و نابرابری، نتیجه‌ی عدم نگاه عادلانه به فضای سرزمین است که در کشور ایران نیز نمود فضایی پیدا کرده است. دهه ‌هاست مسأله‌ی فقر شهری با عناوین مختلفی مورد اشاره قرار می‌گیرد: سکونت‌گاه‌های غیررسمی، بافت‌های ناکارآمد، بافت‌های فرسوده و...طرح‌ها برنامه‌ها و قوانین مختلفی برای مقابله با این مسأله تدوین می‌شوند، اما آنچه شاهدش هستیم، گسترده‌تر شدن و ژرف‌تر شدن ابعاد مسأله است. بافت ناکارآمد شهر آبادان، چشم‌انداز نامناسبی در منظر و سیمای شهری داشته و تهدیدی جدی نیز برای ساکنان آن محسوب می‌شود. تحلیل پراکنش فضایی فقر در بافت‌های ناکارآمد نفت شهر آبادان، به‌منظور برنامه‌ریزی بهتر برای ساماندهی، توانمندسازی و ارتقای کیفیت زندگی در این بافت‌ها است. پژوهش حاضر ازنظر هدف کاربردی و ازنظر روش توصیفی-تحلیلی است. در این تحقیق، سی شاخص موردنظر در قالب سه عامل اصلی اقتصادی اجتماعی و کالبدی توسط تکنیک AHP طبقه‌بندی و برای نمایش نتایج تحلیل فضایی پراکنش فقر شهری در بافت‌های ناکارآمد شهر آبادان از نرم‌افزارARC GIS 10/3  استفاده شده‌است. نتایج نشان می‌دهد وضعیت پراکنش فقر در بافت‌های ناکارآمد شهر آبادان از الگوی خوشه‌ای تبعیت می‌کند. بر اساس نتایج فقر چندبعدی، بافت‌های ناکارآمد با ساکنین خیلی فقیر  بیشتر در قسمت‌های غربی و شرقی شهر تمرکز دارند و این پهنه 54/11 درصد از مساحت بافت‌های ناکارآمد را در برمی‌گیرند. پهنه‌های فقیر نیز با 6/22 درصد مساحت، بیشتر در قسمت‌های شمالی از قبیل (محله‌های سلیچ غربی، فیه، کوی ملت و شاه‌آباد)، غربی (محله‌های احمدآباد  و بریم) و شرقی (محله‌های الوانیه و ذوالفقاری) شهر قرار دارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of Urban Poverty Distribution in Inefficient Contexts Using GIS: A Case study on Abadan

نویسندگان [English]

  • shillan Heydarmanesh 1
  • hamid saberi 2
  • Mehri Azani 3
  • Amir Gandomkar 4
1 PhD Student in Geography and Urban Planning, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran
4 Associate Professor, ،Tourism Research Center, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran
چکیده [English]

The issue of poverty and inequality has become a problem in Iran due to the lack of a fair view on land. For decades, the issue of urban poverty has been referred to under various titles: informal settlements, distressed textures, worn-out textures, etc. Different plans, programs and laws have been developed to address this issue. However, the dimensions of the problem has been widened and deepened. The purpose of the present study is to examine the spatial analysis of poverty in inefficient textures of Abadan to better plan for organizing, empowering and improving the quality of life in these textures. Findings based on the hot spots method show that in some parts of the east and north of Abadan, more hot spots are formed that have higher values compared to the multidimensional poverty criterion. Cold spot density is also observed in the northeast and parts of the north of the city that have lower values of this criterion, including prosperous and very prosperous blocks. The results show the poverty situation in distressed textures of Abadan has a cluster pattern. The theoretical orientation of this research is towards multidimensional poverty proposed by Amartya Kumar Sen. According to the results of multidimensional poverty, very poor areas are more concentrated in the western and eastern parts of the city. This area covers 11.54% of the area of distressed textures. Poor areas (22.6%) are placed mostly in the northern (e.g., Western Selich, Fihe, Koye Mellat and Shahabad Neighborhoods), western (e.g., Ahmadabad and Barim Neighborhoods) and eastern parts of the city (e.g., Alvanieh and Zolfaqari Neighborhoods). The results of this research can be used to inform managers and urban planners of the current situation and plan to empower residents to reduce urban poverty,  and improved the living, physical, socio-cultural and economic conditions of distressed neighborhoods in Abadan.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Spatial analysis
  • Urban poverty
  • Distribution
  • Inefficient texture
  • AHP
  • ARC GIS
  • Abadan
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