تحلیل فضایی – زمانی اراضی شهری و پیراشهری با توجه به پراکندگی جمعیت در گسترۀ استان مازندران

نوع مقاله : مقاله استخراج از رساله و پایان نامه

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، گروه جغرافیای انسانی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه جغرافیای انسانی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

3 استاد گروه جغرافیای انسانی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

شهرنشینی یک پدیدۀ مهم اجتماعی و اقتصادی بوده که در سراسر جهان در حال وقوع است و فرایندی پویا از تغییر رابطۀ انسان و زمین است. گرچه گسترش شهری بیشتر به دلایل اقتصادی و جمعیتی است، اما تنها پیامدهای اجتماعی- فضایی و اقتصادی سیاسی ایجاد نمی‌کند و بر روی عوامل طبیعی و زیستی اثرگذار است. استان مازندران هم به‌واسطۀ موقعیت نسبی و شرایط محیطی حاکم مورد‌توجه مهاجران و گردشگران قرار گرفته و افزایش جمعیت و فضای ساخته‌شده در آن شدت گرفته است. بر این اساس در این پژوهش روند رشد جمعیت و فضای ساخته‌شده در محیط شهری و پیراشهری (حاشیه شهرها و روستاها) از سال 1355 تا 1400 مورد‌سنجش قرار می‌گیرد. در تحلیل‌ها داده‌های سرشماری عمومی‌ نفوس و مسکن به همراه تصاویر ماهوارۀ سنتینل 1 و 2 و لندست مورد‌استفاده قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان می‌دهد در طی دوره‌های مورد‌بررسی از سال 1355 تا 1400 مساحت اراضی ساخته‌شده استان تقریبا 3.5 برابر شده و از 20 هزار هکتار به 71 هزار هکتار رسیده است. نرخ رشد سالانه طی این دوره تقریبا 2 درصد است که برای اراضی شهری 2.04 درصد و برای اراضی پیراشهری 3.45  درصد است. در صورتی که برای جمعیت این نسبت برعکس است و رشد سالانه برای جمعیت شهری 2.85 و برای جمعیت پیراشهری 0.75 است. درصد تغییرات اراضی شهری در شهرستان‌های سوادکوه با 44 درصد و بهشهر با 39 درصد بیشتر از سایر شهرستان‌ها بود که نشان می‌دهد اراضی پیراشهری رشد قابل‌توجهی در این شهرستان‌ها داشتند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Spatiotemporal Analysis of Urban and Suburban lands Based on Population Dispersion in Mazandaran Province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mostafa Safaie Reyneh 1
  • saeed zanganeh shahraki 2
  • Keramatollah Ziyari 3
  • ahmad pourahmad 3
1 PhD Candidate of Department of Human Geography, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran, Iran
2 Associate professor, Department of Human Geography, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran, Iran
3 Professor, Department of Human Geography, Faculty of Geography, University of Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Urbanization, as a dynamic process of changing the relationship between man and the earth, is an important social and economic phenomenon around the world. Although urban expansion is largely due to economic and demographic reasons, it has socio-spatial and economic-political consequences and affects the natural and biological factors as well. Mazandaran Province has also been considered by immigrants and tourists due to its relative location and prevailing environmental conditions. Such advantages have intensified the population increase and the built space there. Accordingly, in this study, the trend of population growth and space built in urban and suburban environments (suburbs and villages) were measured from 1975 to 2020. In this analysis, population and housing general census data were obtained from Sentinel 1 and 2, and Landsat satellite images. The results show that, during the period under review, from 1975 to 2020, the area of the land built in the province has increased almost 3.5 times from 20 thousand hectares to 71 thousand hectares. The annual growth rate during this period is approximately 2%, which is 2.04% for the urban lands and 3.45% for the suburban lands. For the population, this ratio gets inverse, i.e., the annual growth is 2.85 for the urban population and 0.75 for the suburban population. The percentage of urban land changes was higher in Savadkuh with 44% and Behshahr with 39%, showing that the suburban lands had a significant growth in these counties.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Built lands
  • Urban spatial expansion
  • Suburban lands
  • Urban population
  • Google Earth Engine
 
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