واکاوی چگونگی کارکردپذیری ابنیه‌ی تاریخی تطبیق‌پذیر در تغییر کاربری به بناهای فرهنگی (نمونه‌ی موردی: میراث صنعتی شهر تهران)

نوع مقاله : مقاله استخراج از رساله و پایان نامه

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد گروه معماری، واحد لاهیجان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، لاهیجان، ایران

2 استادیار گروه معماری، مرکز تحقیقات مطالعات بافت‌های تاریخی، واحد لاهیجان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، لاهیجان، ایران

چکیده

استفاده‌ی مجدد تطبیقی، به عمل هدف‌گذاری مجدد بر عملکردهای جدید ساختمان‌های فرسوده‌یا کم‌استفاده‌ی تاریخی اشاره دارد که در عین حفاظت از میراث فرهنگی و هویت جامعه، بستری در تطبیق با نیازهای روز جامعه، فراهم می‌سازد. از‌آنجاکه بسیاری از محدوده‌های صنعتی قدیمی با تغییر‌یا تعطیلی صنایع دچار افول و بی‌توجهی شده‌اند، فرایند کارکردپذیری تطبیقی می‌تواند با جذب بازدیدکنندگان به ترویج گردشگری و تحریک فعالیت‌های اقتصادی جان تازه‌ای به این مناطق بدهد.هدف این مطالعه، تبیین شاخص‌های کارکردپذیری منطبق با تغییر کاربری میراث صنعتی به کاربری فرهنگی با تأکید بر پایداری محیطی است. روش تحقیق از نظر ماهیت توصیفی-تحلیلی و به لحاظ هدف،کاربردی است. در گام نخست، با بررسی ادبیات و پیشینه‌ی موضوع، چارچوب نظری تحقیق تدوین و شاخص‌های اصلی تبیین شد. در مرحله پیمایش، جهت تأیید معناداری روابط و اولویت‌بندی مؤلفه‌ها و شاخص‌ها، از تحلیل پرسشنامه‌‌ی محقق‌ساخته‌ی متخصصین با استفاده از روش معادلات ساختاری در نرم‌افزار Smart pls استفاده گردید. در گام بعدی، میزان تأثیر هر‌یک از ابعاد پایداری محیطی در تغییر کاربری بناهای صنعتی با استفاده از روش تحلیل سلسله مراتبی AHP سنجیده شد. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که در فرایند کارکردپذیری بناهای تاریخی صنعتی، بعد اقتصادی بیشترین توجه و بعد زیست‌محیطی کمترین توجه را به خود نسبت داده است. این موضوع می‌تواند به دلیل تأثیرات قابل مشاهده‌ی مؤلفه‌های اقتصادی و اجتماعی در کوتاه مدت باشد که تمرکز بیشتر بر ساختمان‌ها به‌عنوان عنصری منفک از بستر و کاهش توجه بر حفظ و احیای منظر در مجموعه میراث صنعتی را در پی خواهد داشت. طبق نتایج حاصل، جهت حفظ تعادل مطلوب و دستیابی به توسعه‌ی پایدار محیطی در فرایند استفاده‌ی مجدد سازگار از میراث صنعتی، باید به‌طور متوازن به شاخص‌های اقتصادی، اجتماعی و زیست‌محیطی توجه نمود. به‌طور کلی، استفاده‌ی مجدد تطبیقی از ساختمان‌های میراث صنعتی در قالب‌یک مجموعه‌ی فرهنگی، نه‌تنها میراث تاریخی را حفظ و احیا نموده، بلکه به حیات فرهنگی و رشد اقتصادی جوامع پیرامونی نیز کمک می‌نماید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analyzing the Functionality of Adaptable Historical Buildings in Changing their Use to Cultural facilities (A Case Study of Tehran's Industrial Heritage)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Milad Ejlali Diz 1
  • Mahsa Delshad Siahkali 2
1 Master student, Department of Architecture, Lahijan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Lahijan, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, Research Center for Historical Textures, Lahijan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Lahijan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Using and repurposing old buildings can help protect our culture and community identity and bring life back to these areas by attracting tourists and boosting the local economy. This study aims to explain how old industrial sites can be used for cultural purposes while considering the environment. The research method is practical in terms of purpose and focuses on describing and analyzing information. First, previous studies were reviewed to understand more about the subject. Based on this, a plan was created and the main things the research would be looking at were explained. During the survey phase, experts analyzed the questionnaire using the Smart pls software and the structural equation method to ensure the importance of relationships and prioritize factors and indicators. Next, the hierarchical analysis method of AHP was used to measure how each aspect of environmental sustainability affected the change in the use of industrial buildings. The findings indicate that when historical industrial buildings are modified, the focus is mainly on the economic aspect and less on the environment. This problem can happen because of the noticeable impacts of economic and social factors in the short term. It can cause a greater emphasis on buildings without considering their surroundings and less focus on preserving and restoring the landscape in the industrial heritage complex. According to the findings, it is important to consider the economic, social, and environmental factors together to keep a good balance and achieve long-lasting environmental progress when reusing old factories and buildings. Basically, turning old industrial buildings into cultural complexes helps keep the history alive and boosts nearby communities’ cultural and economic well-being.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Functionality
  • adaptive reuse
  • Resuscitation
  • industrial heritage of Iran

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مطالعات ساختار و کارکرد شهری
دوره 11، شماره 38
1402
صفحه 33-46

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 03 خرداد 1402
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 30 تیر 1402
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 27 آذر 1402

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