امنیت ادراک شده و راهکارهای افزایش احساس امنیت در فضاهای شهری (موردمطالعه: پارک آبیدر شهر سنندج)

نوع مقاله : علمی- پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، گروه حقوق، دانشکده علوم انسانی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران

2 استادیار گروه معماری، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران

3 کارشناسی ارشد معماری، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران

4 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد معماری، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه کردستان، سنندج، ایران

چکیده

تأمین امنیت در پارک‌های شهری جهت تشویق استفاده عمومی و بهبود کیفیت زندگی ساکنان و بازدیدکنندگان ضروری است. یکی از راه‌های تأمین امنیت در فضاهای شهری ترکیب استراتژی‌های طراحی با کمک راهکارهای برنامه‌ریزی‌شده معماری و شهرسازی برای بهبود امنیت و فعال‌سازی این فضاها است. در پارک آبیدر سنندج، به دلیل وسعت بالا و داشتن نقاط کور و مخفی زیاد، احتمال دارد جوانان احساس کنند که پلیس امکان حضور در تمامی نقاط را ندارد. این موضوع ممکن است منجر به کاهش احساس امنیت در این پارک شود. ازاین‌رو این مطالعه باهدف مشخص‌کردن میزان جرم‌پذیری پارک کوهستانی آبیدر سنندج به کمک اصول شهرسازی و معماری سعی در ارائه راهکارهایی جهت افزایش احساس امنیت در پارک‌های شهری دارد. پژوهش حاضر از منظر هدف کاربردی است، رویکرد روش‌شناسی پژوهش به‌صورت کمی و به شیوه‌ی تحلیلی - پیمایشی است. باتوجه‌به اهداف پژوهش پرسش‌نامه‌ای ساختاریافته در بخش‌های مختلف وﯾﮋﮔﯽ‌ﻫﺎی ذاتی پارک، طراحی و مدیریت پارک و نگرانی‌های بازدیدکنندگان، در آذر ١٤٠٢ بین جامعه هدف (بازدیدکنندگان پارک آبیدر) توزیع و نتایج آن به کمک آزمون‌های آماری در نرم‌افزار ® SPSS نسخه ٢٧ تحلیل شد. یافته‌ها نشان داد عواملی چون رخ‌دادن موارد اخیر جرم، وجود مسیرهای پرپیچ‌وخم و حضور افراد مست مؤثرترین عوامل نگرانی افراد از وقوع جرم بود. در مقابل، حضور مردان و زنان بومی، شلوغ بودن پارک، حضور خانم‌های غیربومی یا حضور افراد در حال عکاسی از طبیعت ترس بازدیدکنندگان از وقوع جرم را بیش از همه کاهش می‌داد. بر اساس نتایج حضور پلیس، نصب دوربین‌های نظارتی، و اجازه ورود خودروهای شخصی به پارک مواردی بود که می‌توانست احساس امنیت بازدیدکنندگان را افزایش دهد. نتایج همچنین حاکی از آن بود که احساس ناامنی در افراد تحصیل‌کرده بیشتر بود و عوامل اجتماعی در احساس امنیت زنان (Mean Rank= 58.68) نقش بیشتری داشت. یافته‌ها بینش‌های فرهنگی را ارائه کردند و عوامل خاص اما نسبتاً التقاطی را برای اطلاع از بهبود و افزایش امنیت پارک با اصلاح برنامه‌ریزی مدیریت و نظارت شناسایی کردند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Perceived Security and Strategies to Enhance the Sense of Security in Urban Spaces: A Case Study of Abidar Park in Sanandaj City

نویسندگان [English]

  • Afshin Abdollahi 1
  • Mohammad Haghshenas 2
  • Shdieh Sayari 3
  • Hedieh sayari 4
1 Associate Professor, Department of Law, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
3 M.Sc. Department of Architecture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
4 M.A. Student, Department of Law, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
چکیده [English]

Ensuring security in urban parks is essential to encourage public use and improve the quality of life for residents and visitors. One way to ensure security in urban spaces is to combine design strategies with the help of planned architectural and urban planning solutions to improve security and activate these spaces. In Abider Park in Sanandaj, due to the large area and the presence of many hidden blind spots, young people may feel that the police do not have the ability to be present in all parts of the park. This can lead to a decrease in the sense of security in this park. Therefore, the current study aims to determine the crime vulnerability of Abider Mountain Park in Sanandaj with the help of urban planning and architectural principles, as well as to propose solutions to increase the sense of security in urban parks. The present research is applied in terms of purpose, and the research methodology approach is a quantitative and analytical survey. Considering the research objectives, a structured questionnaire was distributed among the target community (Abider Park visitors) in December 2023, covering different aspects of the park's inherent characteristics, park design and management, and visitors' concerns. The results were analyzed using statistical tests in SPSS software version 27. The findings showed that factors such as recent incidents of crime, the presence of winding paths, and the presence of intoxicated individuals were the most influential factors in people's concerns about the occurrence of crime. In contrast, the presence of native men and women, the crowdedness of the park, the presence of non-native women, or the presence of people photographing nature the most reduced visitors' fear of crime. According to the results, the presence of police, the installation of surveillance cameras, and allowing personal vehicles to enter the park were the factors that could increase the sense of security among visitors. The results also showed that the sense of insecurity was higher among educated individuals, and social factors played a greater role in the sense of security among women (mean rank = 58.68). The findings provided cultural insights and identified specific but relatively eclectic factors to inform the improvement and enhancement of park security through revised planning, management, and supervision.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • perception of security
  • increase sense of security
  • city parks
  • Sanandaj

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مطالعات ساختار و کارکرد شهری
دوره 12، شماره 1
فروردین 1404
صفحه 7-32

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 02 خرداد 1403
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 20 تیر 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 06 آبان 1403

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